Книга: Mastering VMware® Infrastructure3

Chapter 10: High Availability and Business Continuity

Chapter 10: High Availability and Business Continuity

Cluster virtual machines with Microsoft Clustering Services (MSCS) Clustering virtual machines provides a means of creating an infrastructure that supports high availability for individual virtual machines.

Master It A critical network service requires minimal downtime. You need to design a failover solution for the virtual machine that hosts the network service. Your solution should provide the least amount of service outage while utilizing existing hardware and software platforms.

Solution Configure two virtual machines in a cluster-across-boxes. Use raw device mappings (RDMs) for the shared storage device required by the cluster nodes.

Implement and manage VMware High Availability (HA). VMware HA enabled on clusters of ESX Servers allows virtual machines from a failed ESX Server host to be restarted on another host. This features offers reduced downtime and eliminates administrative effort as a response to a failed server situation.

Master It Domain controller, mail servers, and database servers must be the first virtual machines to restart in the event of server failure.

Solution Configure a restart priority of High for each of the virtual machines hosting the domain controller, mail server, or database server role.

Master It In the event of server failure, you do not want virtual machines to be prevented from being powered on because of excessive resource contention.

Solution Configure the HA cluster to use guaranteed admission control.

Master It Virtual machines used for testing purposes should not be powered on by cluster nodes if they were running on the ESX Sever host that failed.

Solution Configure the testing virtual machines with a per-virtual machine setting that disables the HA restart.

Master It Your virtual infrastructure includes redundancy at each level, including switches and NICs. Service Console ports, VMkernel ports, and virtual machine port groups exist on separate virtual switches. You need to ensure that virtual machines continue to run even if the Service Console loses network connectivity.

Solution Configure each virtual machine with an isolation response that leaves them powered on.

Back up virtual machines with VMware Consolidated Backup (VCB). VCB is a framework upon which third-party backup solutions can be constructed to perform full virtual machine and file level backups. While the framework can be used on its own, it lacks any type of automation feature or the ability to write directly to tape.

Master It You need to design a data-recovery plan. The company purchased licenses for VMware Consolidated Backup. You must determine how VCB can accomplish your backup goals. What types of backups does VCB support?

Solution VCB allows full virtual machine backups for any guest operating system. VCB allows single VMDK backups for any guest operating system. It allows file- and folder-level backups of Windows guest operating systems only.

Master It You need to implement VCB as part of a regularly scheduled backup job.

Solution Review the VCB compatibility guide to determine which third-party backup tools have VCB integration modules.

Restore virtual machines with VMware Consolidated Backup (VCB). The VCB framework encompasses not just the backup processes but also restore capabilities. Tools included with VCB allow backups of full virtual machines, individual VMDK files, or specific files from within the virtual machine operating system. In addition VMware Enterprise Converter offers the simplest restore procedure, with its support for restoring VCB backups.

Master It You need to minimize the financial impact of implementing a backup strategy for your virtual infrastructure.

Solution Implement a single backup agent on the VCB proxy. Use the VCB proxy for all backup and restore tasks.

Master It You need to minimize the amount of time required to restore data to any of the virtual machines in your environment.

Solution Install a backup agent inside of each virtual machine. Perform restores directly into the virtual machine.

Master It You have a full virtual machine backup of a system named Server1. A user deletes a file that is included on the last backup of Server1. You need to recover the file.

Solution Mount the full virtual machine backup into the file system of the VCB proxy server. Copy the file from the mount point. Remove the mount point.

Master It You need to quickly restore a VCB backup of a virtual machine. The backup is stored in a shared folder named VMBackups on a server named Backup1. The name of the virtual machine is Server1 7.

Solution Use the VMware Converter Enterprise Import Wizard to restore from Backup1VMBackupsServer17.vmx.

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