Книга: Learning GNU Emacs, 3rd Edition

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• Preface
• Why Read This Book?
• Which Emacs Is Which?
• What's New in This Edition?
• GNU Emacs and the Free Software Foundation
• An Approach to Learning Emacs
• What We Haven't Included
• The Meta Key
• Conventions Used in This Book
• Keystroke Notation
• Command Tables
• Examples
• Font Usage
• How to Contact Us
• Acknowledgments
• Chapter 1. Emacs Basics
• 1.1 Introducing Emacs!
• 1.2 Understanding Files and Buffers
• 1.3 A Word About Modes
• 1.4 Starting Emacs
• 1.5 About the Emacs Display
• 1.5.1 The Toolbar
• 1.5.2 The Menus
• 1.5.3 The Mode Line
• 1.5.4 The Minibuffer
• 1.6 Emacs Commands
• 1.7 Opening a File
• 1.7.1 If You Read the Wrong File
• 1.7.2 Letting Emacs Fill in the Blanks
• 1.7.3 Inserting and Appending Files
• 1.7.4 How Emacs Chooses a Default Directory
• 1.8 Saving Files
• 1.9 Leaving Emacs
• 1.10 Getting Help
• 1.10.1 The Help Menu
• 1.11 Summary
• 1.11.1 Problems You May Encounter
• Chapter 2. Editing
• 2.1 Moving the Cursor
• 2.1.1 Other Ways to Move the Cursor
• 2.1.2 Moving a Screen (or More) at a Time
• 2.1.3 Repeating Commands
• 2.1.4 Centering the Display
• 2.1.5 Emacs Commands and Your Keyboard
• 2.2 Deleting Text
• 2.2.1 The Kill Ring
• 2.3 Marking Text to Delete, Move, or Copy
• 2.3.1 Copying Text
• 2.3.2 Recovering Earlier Deletions
• 2.3.3 Selecting and Pasting
• 2.4 Emacs and the Clipboard
• 2.4.1 Placing Text on the Clipboard
• 2.4.2 Retrieving Text from the Clipboard
• 2.5 Editing Tricks and Shortcuts
• 2.5.1 Fixing Transpositions
• 2.5.2 Changing Capitalization
• 2.5.3 Overwrite Mode
• 2.6 Canceling Commands and Undoing Changes
• 2.6.1 Canceling Commands
• 2.6.2 Undoing Changes
• 2.6.3 Reverting a Buffer from a File
• 2.6.4 Going Back to a Previous Version: Backup Files
• 2.6.5 Recovering Lost Changes
• 2.7 Making Emacs Work the Way You Want
• 2.7.1 Hiding the Toolbar
• 2.7.2 Turning On CUA Mode for C-x, C-c, and C-v to Cut, Copy, and Paste
• 2.7.3 Turning On Text Mode and Auto-Fill Mode Automatically
• 2.7.4 Remapping Keys
• 2.7.5 Problems You May Encounter
• Chapter 3. Search and Replace
• 3.1 Different Kinds of Searches
• 3.1.1 Incremental Search
• 3.1.2 Simple Searches
• 3.1.3 Word Search
• 3.2 Search and Replace
• 3.2.1 Simple Search and Replace Operations
• 3.2.2 Query-Replace
• 3.2.3 Repeating Query-Replaces (and Other Complex Commands)
• 3.2.4 Recursive Editing
• 3.2.5 Are Emacs Searches Case-Sensitive?
• 3.2.6 Regular Expressions for Search and Replacement Operations
• 3.3 Checking Spelling Using Ispell
• 3.3.1 Checking a Buffer
• 3.3.2 Checking a Single Word
• 3.3.3 Completing a Word
• 3.3.4 Spellchecking on the Fly with Flyspell
• 3.4 Word Abbreviations
• 3.4.1 Dynamic Abbreviations
• 3.4.2 Word Abbreviation Mode
• 3.4.2.1 Trying word abbreviations for one session
• 3.4.2.2 Making word abbreviations part of your startup
• 3.4.2.3 Deleting a word abbreviation
• 3.4.2.4 Disabling word abbreviations
• 3.4.2.5 Abbreviations and capitalization
• 3.4.3 Problems You May Encounter
• Chapter 4. Using Buffers, Windows, and Frames
• 4.1 Understanding Buffers, Windows, and Frames
• 4.1.1 Windows Versus Frames
• 4.1.2 Buffers: Independent of Windows and Frames
• 4.1.3 More About Buffers
• 4.2 Working with Multiple Buffers
• 4.2.1 Switching Buffers
• 4.2.2 Deleting Buffers
• 4.3 Working with Windows
• 4.3.1 Creating Horizontal Windows
• 4.3.2 Moving Between Windows
• 4.3.3 Getting Rid of Windows
• 4.4 Working with Frames
• 4.4.1 Creating a New Frame
• Frame Names
• 4.4.2 Moving Between Frames
• 4.4.3 Deleting and Minimizing Frames
• 4.5 More About Buffers
• 4.5.1 Saving Multiple Buffers
• 4.5.2 Renaming Buffers
• 4.5.3 Read-Only Buffers
• 4.5.4 Getting a List of Buffers
• 4.5.5 Working with the Buffer List
• 4.6 More About Windows
• 4.6.1 Creating Vertical or Side-by-Side Windows
• 4.6.2 Navigating Windows
• 4.6.3 Enlarging and Shrinking Windows
• 4.6.4 Limits on Window Size
• 4.6.5 Comparing Files Between Windows
• 4.7 Holding Your Place with Bookmarks
• 4.7.1 Setting Bookmarks
• 4.7.2 Moving to a Bookmark
• 4.7.3 Renaming and Deleting Bookmarks
• 4.7.4 Working with a List of Bookmarks
• 4.7.5 Annotating Bookmarks
• 4.7.6 A Few More Bookmark Commands
• Chapter 5. Emacs as a Work Environment
• 5.1 Executing Commands in Shell Buffers
• 5.1.1 Running One Command at a Time
• 5.1.2 Using Shell Mode
• 5.1.2.1 Which shell?
• 5.1.2.2 Making passwords invisible in shell mode
• 5.2 Using Dired, the Directory Editor
• Warning
• 5.2.1 Viewing and Editing Files
• 5.2.2 Deleting, Copying, and Renaming Files
• 5.2.3 Compressing and Uncompressing Files
• 5.2.4 Comparing Files
• 5.2.5 Running Shell Commands on Files
• 5.2.6 Working with Groups of Files
• 5.2.6.1 Selecting files
• 5.2.6.2 Selecting likely candidates for deletion
• 5.2.6.3 Selecting files by type
• 5.2.6.4 Using regular expressions to choose files
• 5.2.6.5 Operating on groups of files
• 5.2.7 Navigating Directories
• 5.3 Printing from Emacs
• 5.4 Reading Manpages in Emacs
• 5.5 Using Time Management Tools
• 5.5.1 Displaying the Calendar
• 5.5.1.1 Moving in the calendar
• 5.5.1.2 Displaying holidays
• 5.5.2 Using the Diary
• 5.5.2.1 Creating a diary file
• 5.5.2.2 Adding diary entries
• 5.5.2.3 Displaying diary entries
• 5.5.3 Problems You May Encounter
• Chapter 6. Writing Macros
• A Macro Revolution
• 6.1 Defining a Macro
• 6.2 Tips for Creating Good Macros
• 6.3 A More Complicated Macro Example
• 6.4 Editing a Macro
• 6.5 The Macro Ring
• 6.6 Binding Your Macro to a Key
• 6.7 Naming, Saving, and Executing Your Macros
• 6.8 Building More Complicated Macros
• 6.8.1 Pausing a Macro for Keyboard Input
• 6.8.1.1 Example
• 6.8.2 Adding a Query to a Macro
• 6.8.2.1 Example
• 6.9 Executing Macros on a Region
• 6.10 Beyond Macros
• Chapter 7. Simple Text Formatting and Specialized Editing
• 7.1 Using Tabs
• 7.1.1 How Emacs 21 Handles Tabs by Default
• 7.1.2 Changing Tab Stops
• 7.1.3 What if You Want Literal Tabs?
• 7.1.4 Changing Tab Width
• 7.1.5 Tabs and Spaces
• 7.1.6 Changing Tabs to Spaces (and Vice Versa)
• 7.2 Indenting Text
• 7.2.1 Indenting Paragraphs
• 7.2.2 Indenting the First Line of a Paragraph
• 7.2.3 Filling Indented Paragraphs
• 7.2.3.1 Indenting regions
• 7.2.3.2 Other indentation tricks
• 7.2.4 Changing Margins
• 7.2.5 Using Fill Prefixes
• 7.3 Centering Text
• 7.4 Using Outline Mode
• 7.4.1 Entering Outline Mode
• 7.4.2 Hiding and Showing Text
• 7.4.3 Editing While Text Is Hidden
• 7.4.4 Marking Sections of the Outline
• 7.4.5 Promoting and Demoting Sections
• 7.4.6 Using Outline Minor Mode
• 7.5 Rectangle Editing
• 7.5.1 CUA Rectangle Editing
• 7.6 Making Simple Drawings
• 7.6.1 Drawing in Picture Mode
• 7.6.2 Editing in Picture Mode
• 7.6.2.1 Cursor motion in picture mode
• 7.6.2.2 Inserting blank lines
• 7.6.3 Drawing with the Mouse Using Artist
• 7.6.4 Problems You May Encounter
• Chapter 8. Markup Language Support
• 8.1 Comments
• 8.2 Font-Lock Mode
• 8.3 Writing HTML
• 8.3.1 Using HTML Mode
• 8.3.1.1 Character encoding in HTML mode
• 8.3.1.1.1 Using ISO accents mode
• 8.3.1.1.2 Using the C-x 8 prefix
• 8.3.2 Using HTML Helper Mode
• 8.3.2.1 Starting HTML helper mode
• 8.3.2.2 A brief tour of HTML helper mode
• 8.3.2.3 Inserting an HTML template
• 8.3.2.4 Putting tags around a region
• 8.3.2.5 Using completion
• 8.3.2.6 Turning on prompting
• 8.3.2.7 Character encoding in HTML helper mode
• 8.4 Writing XML
• 8.4.1 Writing XML with SGML Mode
• 8.4.2 TEI Emacs: XML Authoring for Linux and Windows
• 8.4.3 Writing XHTML Using nxml Mode
• 8.4.4 Using psgml Mode
• 8.5 Marking up Text for TEX and LATEX
• 8.5.1 Matching Braces
• 8.5.2 Quotation Marks and Paragraphing
• 8.5.3 Command Pairs
• 8.5.4 Processing and Printing Text
• Chapter 9. Computer Language Support
• 9.1 Emacs as an IDE
• 9.1.1 Compiling and Debugging
• 9.2 Writing Code
• 9.2.1 Language Modes
• 9.2.1.1 Syntax
• 9.2.2 Comments
• 9.2.3 Indenting Code
• 9.2.4 etags
• 9.2.5 Fonts and Font-lock Mode
• 9.3 C and C++ Support
• 9.3.1 Motion Commands
• 9.3.2 Customizing Code Indentation Style
• 9.3.3 Additional C and C++ Mode Features
• 9.3.4 C++ Mode Differences
• 9.4 Java Support
• 9.4.1 Java Mode
• 9.5 The Java Development Environment for Emacs (JDEE)
• 9.5.1 Getting Started
• 9.5.2 Installing CEDET
• 9.5.3 Installing the ELisp Library
• 9.5.4 Installing the JDEE
• 9.5.5 Registering Your Java Tools
• 9.5.5.1 JDK tools.jar problems
• 9.5.6 Editing with the JDEE
• 9.5.7 Compiling and Running with the JDEE
• 9.5.8 Debugging with the JDEE
• Warning
• 9.5.9 Learning More about the JDEE
• 9.6 Perl Support
• 9.6.1 Perl Caveats
• 9.7 SQL Support
• 9.7.1 Prerequisites
• 9.7.2 Modes of Operation
• 9.7.2.1 Interactive mode
• 9.7.2.2 Editing mode
• 9.8 The Lisp Modes
• 9.8.1 Indentation in Lisp Modes
• 9.8.2 Comments in Lisp Modes
• 9.8.3 Emacs Lisp Mode Differences
• 9.8.4 Lisp Mode Differences
• 9.8.5 Working with Lisp Fragments
• 9.8.5.1 Commands for evaluating a line of Lisp
• 9.8.5.2 Using Lisp interaction mode
• Chapter 10. Customizing Emacs
• 10.1 Using Custom
• 10.1.1 Navigating Custom
• 10.1.2 Common Options
• 10.1.3 Customizing with Custom
• 10.1.4 An Abbrev Mode Example
• 10.1.5 The Options Menu
• 10.1.6 A Dired Example
• 10.1.7 But Where Is the Variable I Want?
• 10.2 Modifying the .emacs File Directly
• 10.2.1 Custom Versus .emacs
• 10.2.1.1 Will the real .emacs please stand up?
• 10.2.2 Basic .emacs Statements
• 10.2.2.1 Caveat editor
• 10.2.3 A Sample .emacs File
• 10.2.3.1 Editing .emacs
• 10.2.3.2 Saving .emacs
• Tip
• 10.3 Modifying Fonts and Colors
• 10.3.1 Changing Fonts Interactively
• 10.3.2 Automatic Highlighting and Coloring
• 10.3.2.1 Isearch
• 10.3.2.2 Buffer highlighting
• 10.3.3 Customizing Fonts Through Custom
• 10.3.4 Changing Colors
• 10.3.4.1 Changing the cursor color
• 10.3.5 Saving Font- and Color-Enriched Text
• 10.3.5.1 Saving enriched text
• 10.4 Customizing Your Key Bindings
• 10.4.1 Special Keys
• 10.4.2 Unsetting Key Bindings
• 10.5 Setting Emacs Variables
• 10.6 Finding Emacs Lisp Packages
• 10.7 Starting Modes via Auto-Mode Customization
• 10.8 Making Emacs Work the Way You Think It Should
• Chapter 11. Emacs Lisp Programming
• 11.1 Introduction to Lisp
• 11.1.1 Basic Lisp Entities
• 11.1.2 Defining Functions
• 11.1.3 Turning Lisp Functions into Emacs Commands
• 11.2 Lisp Primitive Functions
• 11.2.1 Statement Blocks
• 11.2.2 Control Structures
• 11.3 Useful Built-in Emacs Functions
• 11.3.1 Buffers, Text, and Regions
• 11.3.2 Regular Expressions
• 11.3.2.1 Basic operators
• 11.3.2.2 Grouping and alternation
• 11.3.2.3 Context
• 11.3.2.4 Retrieving portions of matches
• 11.3.2.5 Regular expression operator summary
• 11.3.3 A Treasure Trove of Examples
• 11.3.4 Functions That Use Regular Expressions
• 11.3.5 Finding Other Built-in Functions
• 11.4 Building an Automatic Template System
• 11.5 Programming a Major Mode
• 11.5.1 Components of a Major Mode
• 11.5.2 More Lisp Basics: Lists
• 11.5.3 The Calculator Mode
• 11.5.4 Lisp Code for the Calculator Mode
• 11.6 Customizing Existing Modes
• 11.7 Building Your Own Lisp Library
• 11.7.1 Byte-Compiling Lisp Files
• Chapter 12. Version Control 
• 12.1 The Uses of Version Control
• 12.2 Version Control Concepts
• 12.3 How VC Helps with Basic Operations
• 12.4 Editing Comment Buffers
• 12.5 VC Command Summary
• 12.6 VC Mode Indicators
• 12.7 Which Version Control System?
• 12.8 Individual VC Commands
• 12.8.1 Working with Groups and Subtrees of Files
• 12.8.2 Difference Reports
• 12.8.3 Retrieving Old Revisions
• 12.8.4 Viewing Change Histories
• 12.8.5 Registering a File
• 12.8.6 Inserting Version Control Headers
• 12.8.7 Making and Retrieving Snapshots
• 12.8.8 Updating ChangeLog Files
• 12.8.9 Renaming Version-Controlled Files
• Warning
• 12.8.10 When VC Gets Confused
• 12.9 Customizing VC
• 12.10 Extending VC
• 12.11 What VC Is Not
• 12.12 Using VC Effectively
• 12.13 Comparing with Ediff
• 12.13.1 Starting Ediff
• 12.13.2 Using Ediff
• 12.13.3 Making Changes
• 12.13.4 Quitting Ediff
• 12.13.5 Recovering from Confusion
• 12.13.6 Learning More
• 12.13.7 Customizing Ediff
• 12.13.8 Invoking Ediff Automatically
• Chapter 13. Platform-Specific Considerations
• 13.1 Emacs and Unix
• 13.1.1 Where to Get Emacs?
• 13.1.2 Where to Put Emacs?
• 13.1.3 Uncompressing and Unpacking
• 13.1.4 Downloading Emacs from CVS
• 13.1.5 Building Emacs
• 13.2 Emacs and Mac OS X
• 13.2.1 "But I Already Have Emacs"
• 13.2.2 Installing Prebuilt Emacs on Mac OS X
• 13.2.2.1 Downloading Alex Rice's application bundle of Emacs 21.3.5
• 13.2.3 Building Emacs from Source on Mac OS X
• 13.2.3.1 Before you build
• 13.2.3.1.1 Jaguar (Mac OS X 10.2) preparation
• 13.2.4 Starting Emacs from the Command Line on Mac OS X
• 13.2.5 Mac OS X and the Meta Key
• 13.2.6 Installing Ispell
• 13.3 Emacs and Windows
• 13.3.1 Installing Emacs
• 13.3.1.1 Installing the latest binaries: Nqmacs
• 13.3.1.2 Installing Emacs from the FSF
• Warning
• 13.3.2 Where to Put Your .emacs File
• 13.3.3 Starting Emacs from the Command Line
• 13.3.4 Making Emacs Act like Windows: CUA Mode
• 13.3.5 Installing Ispell
• Chapter 14. The Help System
• 14.1 Using the Tutorial
• 14.2 Help Commands
• 14.2.1 Detail Information
• 14.2.2 Apropos Commands
• 14.3 Help with Complex Emacs Commands
• 14.4 Navigating Emacs Documentation
• 14.4.1 Using Info to Read Manuals
• 14.4.2 FAQ, News, and Antinews
• 14.5 Completion
• 14.5.1 Customizing Completion
• Appendix A. Emacs Variables
• Table A-1. Backups, auto-save, and versioning
• Table A-2. Searching and replacing
• Table A-3. Display
• Table A-4. Modes
• Table A-5. Text editing
• Table A-6. Programming
• Table A-7. Completion
• Table A-8. Miscellaneous
• Appendix B. Emacs Lisp Packages
• Table B-1. Support for Java, C, and C++ programming
• Table B-2. Support for Lisp programming
• Table B-3. Support for other programming tasks and languages
• Table B-4. Support for Text Processing
• Table B-5. Emulations for other editors
• Table B-6. Interfaces to operating system utilities
• Table B-7. Networking support
• Table B-8. Games and amusements
• * * *
• Appendix C. Bugs and Bug Fixes
• Appendix D. Online Resources
• Table D-1. Emacs web sites
• Table D-2. Platform and accessibility-related web sites
• Table D-3. Text-related sites
• Table D-4. Programming languages, version control, and customization sites
• Table D-5. Markup language-related sites
• Appendix E. Quick Reference
• Table E-1. File-handling commands
• Table E-2. Cursor movement commands
• Table E-3. Deleting, yanking, region, and clipboard commands
• Table E-4. Text filling and reformatting commands
• Table E-5. Stopping and undoing commands
• Table E-6. Search and replace commands
• Table E-7. Regular expression search commands
• Table E-8. Spell-checking commands
• Table E-9. Buffer commands
• Table E-10. Windows and frames
• Table E-11. Shell mode commands
• Table E-12. Dired commands
• Table E-13. Macro commands
• Table E-14. Outline mode commands
• Table E-15. Compilation mode commands
• Table E-16. Basic indentation commands
• Table E-17. C motion commands
• Table E-18. SQL mode commands
• Table E-19. Lisp commands
• Table E-20. VC commands
• Table E-21. Ediff commands
• Table E-22. CUA mode commands
• Table E-23. Help commands
• Table E-24. Documentation help commands
• Table E-25. Important modes
• Colophon
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